Governor for steam-engines



(N0 Model.) I 3 SheetsSheet 1. L. A. HAINES.

' GOVERNOR FOE STEAM ENGINES.

No. 369,241. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

WITIZZ'SSES 11775.7) TOR @1247 9,; v Jljtorney N. PETE FhdulmognahenWufdnglnn. D. C.

(No Madel.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

L. A HAINES'. GOVERNOR'FOR STEAM ENGINES.

No. 369,241. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

WITNESSES IJV VEJV TOR 063W 0. 6mm

--' Attorney m t e e h S W a h s 3 S E N I A H A L (No Model.)

GOVERNOR FOR STEAM ENGINES.

No. 369,241. Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

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LFAVIS A. I-IAINES, OF HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

GOVERNOR FOR STEAM ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,241, dated August30, 1887.

Application filed March 30,1887.

To @135 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Lnwis A. Harnns. a citizen of the United States,residing at liar risburg, in the county of Dauphin and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements'inGovernors for Steam- Engincs; and I do declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to lettersor figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a representation of my invention, and is afront view of the same. Fig. 2 is a front view. Fig. 3 is a det-a1lv1ew.Fig. i is a detail view. Fig. 5 is a vertical section. Figs. 6 and 7 areside views.

The invention relates to improvements in that class of automaticgovernors for steamengines in which the eccentric has its positionshifted by the centrifugal force of a weight or weights to vary thecut-off, the object being to maintain a constant lead at whatever pointthe cutoff may occur; and it consists in the construction and novelarrangements as hereinafter set forth.

deferring by letter to the drawings, A designatcs the main or crankshaft, having the hub Z) of a fly or governor wheel, 13, secured uponit.

C is a shifting eccentric provided with the boss 0, forming the seat ofthe eccentricstrap, and provided with the opening 0, through which theshaft A passes and which is longitudinally extended, as shown, to allowthe eccentric free movement in relation to the shaft.

0* is a cylindrical guide-sleeve fitting upon the shaft with its innerend abut-ting against the hub of the governor-wheel. The said sleevefits in the opening 0 and guides the eccentric, and has acircumferential flange on its outer end to retain the eccentric inplace. The outer end of the sleeve abuts against the pillow-block of theengine:

D D are similar arms, respectively secured to the ends of theeccentric-plate upon which the cylindrical boss is formed. Each of saidends is provided with the inwardlystanding flange d, which forms withinit the recess (1, the flange having a heightequal to the thick- ScrialNo. 132.097. (X0 model.)

ness of the corresponding arm, so that the latter when in place will beflush with the inner surface of the eccentric. The recess is of propersize to have the end of the arm fitted snugly therein, and when in placethe arm is secured within the recess. The outer ends of the arms areprovided with bosses or heads, the centers of which are equally distantfrom the center point, so, of the eccentric. The head E-of the arm D ispivoted at e to one end ofa link, F, the other end of which is pivotedat f upon a boss made on the flywheel a suitable distance from thecenter thereof. The head E of the arm D is pivoted at e to the-end ofthe arm f of the lever F, which. lever is pivoted at f on aboss on thefly-wheel diametrically opposite the boss f. The opposite arm of thelever F has upon it the sliding weight G, rendered adjustable by meansof the setscrew g.

H is a strong coiled spring having its outer end connected to the end ofthe lever F by means of the swinging link It and the inner end hookedinto the eye of the eyebolt Lwhich passes through an opening in the headof the swivel-bolt t, pivoted through a boss on the wheel B, and whichis engaged by a nut on the opposite side of said head for the purpose ofadjusting the tension of the spring in the usual well-known manner. Theswivel-bolt has a retaining-head on the inner side of the flywheel.

The distance between the pivotal points a and f of the link F is equalto that between the pivotal points 0 and f of thelever F. The link andthe lever make equal but opposite anglcs with the arms D D, and thepivoted points of said arms are equally distant from the central point,x, of the eccentric; hence, whether the said pointa: be moved nearer toor farther from the center of the crank-shaft, the lap and lead linewill remain unchanged in position, and the lead will be kept the same atall points of cut off.

\Vhen the load of the engine is decreased, the crank-shaft and fly-whcclwill have their rotation increased in speed, and the centrifugal will beadmitted into the cylinder; but as the pivotal points e and f are thesame distance apart as the pivotal points 6 and f, and the arms D D areof equal length, thelap and lead line will not change its position andthe lead will remain constant at all points of cut off.

When the load is increased, the motion of the fly-wheel will belessened, the lever F will move upward by the spring, the center of theeccentric will be moved away from the center of the shaft, and thetravel of the valve increased so as to permit the steam to follow thepiston farther in the stroke and cause a later cut off.

The swivel-bolt turns and permits the spring to move outward withoutbuckling, and the weight of the spring addsto the centrifugal force ofthe sliding weight.

The above described construction is more particularly adapted for lightengines. For heavy engines it is desirable to use two springs, and toaccomplish this the construction is modified as follows: The link F,Fig. 2, has its direction reversed and is extended beyond the pivotalpointf, forming an arm, J, having its end connected with a spring, H, bymeans of a swinging link, h, the other end of the spring being connectedto an eyeloolt, 1, engaging a swivel-bolt, t", which parts are in allrespects similar to those formerly described. G is aweight on the arm J,similar to the weight G. The arm f of the lever F is pro vided with aslot, f, and a link,f", similar to the link F, is pivoted at one end toa boss, j, on the fly-wheel opposite the boss f. The other end of thelinkf" is pivoted to the arm D and is bifurcated, an anti-frictionroller being pivoted between the arms of the bifurcation. The saidroller fits and moves in theslotf, so as to give the joint formed by thelever, link, and arm proper freedom of motion.

The operation of this modification is identical with that of theconstruction first described.

When the two springs are used, the weights counterbalance each other andthe eccentric is held between them; but when the single spring is usedthe weight G connterbalances the weight of the eccentrieover the pivotf,the weight and eccentric being connected to opposite arms of said lever.The parts are so arranged in relation to each other that when theeccentric is at the point of its greatest travel, moving most rapidly,the link F and lever F are nearly at right angles to the arms D D, towhich they are connected, so that the increased thrust on the eccentricfalls upon said link and lever and prevents the springs from being putin unequal tension, so that the motion of the connected parts areequalized and steadied.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a centrifugal governor, thecombination of the governor-wheel, the shifting eccentric provided withopposite non -weightcd arms, one arm being connected to the wheel by alink and the other connected thereto by a lever, and mechanism,substantially as described, whereby the eccentric may have its centermoved nearer to or farther from the center of the crank-shaft and stillkeep the lead the same, substantially as specified.

2. Ina centrifugal governor, the combination of the governor-wheel, theshifting eccentric having similar opposite arms, D D, alink connectingthe end of one arm to the wheel, a lever connecting the end of theopposite arm to the fly-wheel, and a weight on said lever by thecentrifugal force of which the centerof the eccentric is moved inwardtoward the center of the crank-shaft, so as to quicken the cut-offwithout changing the lead, substantially as specified.

3. In a centrifugal governor, the combination of the governor-wheel, theshifting eccentric having opposite arms, the link connecting the end ofone arm to the wheel, the lever connecting the end of the opposite armto the wheel, the pivotal points of the arms being equally distant fromthe center of the eccentricand also equally distant from the pivotalpoints of the link and lever on the wheel, the springs, and theadjustable weight on the lever by the centrifugal force of which thecutoff is quickened but the lead not changed, substantially asspecified.

4. In a centrifugal governor, the combination of the wheel, the shiftingeccentric provided with opposite arms having the pivotal points at theirouter ends at equal distances from the center of the eccentric, the linkpivoted to the wheel and to the end of one of the eccentric arms, thelever pivoted to the wheel and provided with a slot in which an antifriction roller on the end of the link moves, the lever pivoted to theopposite arm of the eccentric and to the wheel at a point diametricallyopposite the pivotal point thereon of the link and having the distanceof its pivotal points on the wheel and arm equal IIO to that of thecorresponding pivotal points of the link, the adjustable weights on thelevers, and the coiled springs connecting the ends of the levers to thewheel, substantially as specified.

5. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with the shiftingeccentric provided with opposite arms, of the lever and link pivoted tocorresponding arms of the eccentric and to the governor-wheel at suchpoints that they will be at right angles to said arms when the eccentricis at its point of greatest travel, whereby the springs are preventedfrom being put under unequal tension by the increased thrust,substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LEWIS A. HAINES.

WVitnesses:

Tnno. MUNGEN, PHIL. O. MAsr.

